What is Central government, Who is the head of Central government

The administrative unit of the Republic of India is the Government of India, commonly known as the Central Government or Federal Government. This group is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories. The constitution of this administration was put to place in operation based on work in 26th January 1950, with New Delhi being the head office of this administration. There are three significant divisions that govern this system-the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary, What is Central government, Who is the head of Central government.

The Prime Minister leads the Executive, which works to determine policies and administer the country with the help of their Council of Ministers. There are two houses in the Legislature-the Lok Sabha with 543 members and the Rajya Sabha with 250 members. The highest Judiciary has the Supreme Court of India, which interprets the Constitution to check the validity of laws, What is Central government, Who is the head of Central government.

The Government of India uses its executive powers through various ministries, such as Defence, Health, Education, etc. Each ministry is led by a Cabinet Minister, who works under the Prime Minister. The Central Government can make laws on national security, foreign policy, banking, and other important matters, while State Governments can make laws on local issues such as police, health, and agriculture. Thus, India’s political system is based on a federal structure, where powers are divided between the Central and State Governments.

The history of the Central Government begins during British rule in the Indian subcontinent. During British rule, the Central Government referred to the Governor General in Council, which was a centralized administrative structure. The Government of India Act of 1919 clarified the distinction between local and central governance, showing that local governments were limited to the municipal or panchayat level, What is Central government, Who is the head of Central government.

Against the backdrop of Indian independence, nationalists also underscored the need for a robust center. The Nehru Report 1928 demanded special powers to the center including annulment of laws given by the provincial governments. During these years, the Muslim League condemned the center and instead demanded more autonomy for states.

The Constitution of India was another factor where the central government played a significant role. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar advocated a strong central government, and some other leaders are against such ideas of centralization. Although terms like “Centre” and “Central Government” nowhere appear in the Constitution, these concepts survived as an ideological tool in Indian political rhetoric.

What are the main functions of the central government

The central government of India, which is also referred to as the federal government, performs several important functions. First, it determines the country’s economic, social, and political policies, and these policies are implemented through various ministries like the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education, and Ministry of Health. Moreover, the central government creates new laws and alters the existing ones with the help of Parliament, which is carried out by the legislature. The central government handles the country’s economy, including issues like GDP growth, controlling inflation, and job creation, and it carries out various schemes and programs for this purpose.

The central government has also been carrying out different types of social welfare schemes, like Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), and National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), to enhance the living standards of the poor and other marginalized groups. In addition to this, the central government decides foreign policy, which consists of developing relations with other nations, making bilateral trade agreements, and clarifying India’s position on international issues, What are the main functions of the central government.

National security and defense policies: The central government formulates all the national security and defense policies. For internal security and counter-terrorism, border security is ensured as well. Ensuring protection for citizens’ rights: The final function of the central government includes the Constitution of the country in its operations to ensure the proper protection of citizen rights. The constitution ensures that every law is duly followed. Central government plays an important role in country development and welfare through all of these functions.

How central governement works

Central government, part of Indian administration, runs its overall development and operates. It takes action through its three main sources: the president, prime minister, and Parliament.

The functions of the Central Government are given by the constitution of India, and it constitutes of three limbs, which is Executive, legislature, and the Judiciary. There comes the main components in the case of the central government, being the President and Prime Minister plus the ministers. The Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha form the Legislature, which enacts laws. The Judiciary is the institution that interprets the laws and ensures that the laws are in place. Central government prepares plans for different aspects of development that the country requires, like education, health, employment, and agriculture. Schemes such as Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana and Ayushman Bharat have been made for people’s benefit, How central governement works.

The central government conducts its work through various ministries. Each ministry has a specific area of work, like the Ministry of Finance, which develops economic policies, and the Ministry of Home Affairs, which is concerned with matters related to the security of the country. There are various exams to get a job in the central government, such as UPSC and SSC, through which eligible people are selected. Webs like MyGov are where the central government accumulates public opinion and recommendations by directly getting citizens connected with the government through them to put forth their opinion.

Who is the head of central government

Prime Minister of India is the head of the Government of India. Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India and is the head of the Council of Ministers. The term of the Prime Minister is usually five years, as long as he maintains the majority in parliament. The Prime Minister not only runs the work of the government but also serves as the head of the Lok Sabha and chairs the sessions of the cabinet.

Some of the prime responsibilities vested in the Prime Minister are to formulate policies, select ministers, and advise the President. They act as a chief representative of the government policies and choices. Moreover, the Prime Minister plays a key role in international relations and helps implement diverse schemes for the development of the country, Who is the head of central government.

Whose central government is there currently

The current Prime Minister of India is Narendra Modi who took office for the third time on 9th June 2024. The central government has made several important policy changes under his leadership that focuses on the country’s economic development, social welfare, and national security, What is Central government, Who is the head of Central government.

FAQs

What is the difference between the central and state governments

The central government differs from the state governments in their work and powers. The central government frames policies for the entire nation, involving security, foreign policy, and interstate trade. State governments decide on matters dealt with within that particular state, like education, health, and local administration. The work of the central government spreads over the whole nation, while state governments are confined to their states.

What powers are available to the central government in an emergency situation

Whenever there is an emergency situation in the country, the central government receives special powers. These powers are under Article 352 of the Constitution. Through these powers, central governments can intervene into state governments’ working. For instance, the central government can send police to establish law and order, or suspend state assemblies, and it possesses the rights to frame new policies.

Who runs the central government

The central government is run by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is elected by gaining a majority in Parliament, and they have all the powers. The President is the head of the country, but in reality, it is the Prime Minister and their ministers who run the government.

How is the central government formed in India

In India, the central government is formed after general elections. The party or coalition that wins the most seats in the elections appoints its leader as the Prime Minister. Then, the Prime Minister forms their cabinet, which handles the work of various ministries in the country.

Who is the head of the central government

A Prime Minister is the head of the central government. They make policies for the government and implement them. The Prime Minister is elected by a majority in Parliament. Though formally the President is the head of the country, in reality, the Prime Minister leads the working of the government, What is Central government, Who is the head of Central government.